Parts of Speech

1.Collective Nouns-is singular in form but names a group

• family, class, crew, band, committee, troop, jury, flock, swarm, and audience
• Example-Singular- The band travels in an new bus.
• Example-Plural- The band are going to assemble here at noon.
• If the collective noun is acting as a whole it is singular.
• If the collective noun is acting individually it is plural.

2. Relative Pronouns-is used to begin a special subject-verb word group called a subordinate clause.

• who, whoever, which, whichever, whom, whomever, what, whatever, whose, and that
• Example- The novel that she wrote is on the best-seller list.

3.Special Linking Verbs- links the subject of a sentence with a noun, a pronoun, an adjective that identifies or describes the subject

• appear, become, feel, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, and turn
• Example- This lemonade tastes sour.

4.Adjective- is a word that modifies a noun or a pronoun by limiting its meaning

• Answers: What kind? Which one? How many? How much?
• Example- I like the blue car. (What kind?)

5.Adverb- is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb by making its meaning more specific

• Adverbs tells When? Where? Why? How? To what degree?
• Modifying verb example- He ran quickly.
• Modifying adjective example- He has often won.
• Modifying adverb example- He almost always runs quite fast.

6.Coordinating & Correlative conjunctions- joins words or groups of words that have equal grammatical weight in the sentence

• Coordinating- and, but, or, for, nor, so, yet
• Example- Their skit includes a rabbit and a bird.
• Correlative(always in pairs)- Both...and, neither...nor, either...or, not only...but also
• Example- Either you or John can make the call.

7.Subordinating conjunction- joins two clauses, or thoughts, in such a way as to make one grammatically dependent on the other

• After, although, as, as far as, as though, because, before, considering(that), provided(that), since, so long as, so(that), unless, until, when, whenever, as if, as long as, as soon as, if, inasmuch as, in order that, than, though, till, where, whereas wherever, while
• Example- We sat by the lake while the sun set.

8.Conjunctive adverb-is used to clarify the relationship between clauses of equal grammatical weight in a sentence.

• they are usually stronger, more precise, and more formal than coordinating conjunctions
• uses semicolons " ; "
• however, also, nevertheless, therefore, still
• Example- I love peaches; however, I hate apples.

9.Understood (you) sentence-a sentence that is a command or a request, the entire sentence is a predicate and you is understood to be the subject

• Example- [You] Listen!
• questions frequently begin with a verb or a helping verb or the words who, whom, what, when, where, why, or how
• Example- Did he reply?

10.Inverted order-sentence in which the predicate comes before the subject, serves to add emphasis to the subject

• Example- (Under the moonlight) sat the old cypress tree.

11.Object compliments- answers the question What? after a direct object.

• further describes the D.O.
• after the D.O.
• only seen with certain verbs
• appoint, call, choose, consider, elect, find, make, name, prove, render, think, vote
• Example-I named my dog Sandy.

Questions

1. Find all the parts of speech in this sentence and tell which part of speech it is. The family ate a delicious pizza quickly.
2. List all relative pronouns.
3. What does an adjective answer?
4. What does an adverb tell you?
5. Which of the conjunctions are always in pairs?
6. Rewrite the subordinating conjunction. We searched for the dog that was lost.
7. What part of speech is this sentence? I want to go ride my bike; however, I am too lazy.
8. What part of speech is this sentence? Go take out the trash!
9. What part of speech comes after a direct object?
10. Make this into an inverted order sentence. Around the corner is the old grocery store.